Dental apparatus.



J,. G. GORGORAN. DENTAL APPARATUS. APPLYIOATION FILED NOV. 16, 1909.

Patented 0ct.'18,19 10.

2 Snnmwmnm 1.

J. 0., GORGORAN.

DENTAL APPARATUS. APPLIOATION FILED NOV. 15, 1909.

Patented Oct. 18, 1910.

2 SHEBTB-SHEET 2 JOHN C. CDRCORAN, OF ST. PAUL, MINNESOTA.

DENTAL ALPPARATUS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Got. 18,1910.-

Application filed November 15, 1909. Serial No. 527,991.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, JOHN C. OoRooRAN, a citizen of the United States,residing at St. Paul, in the county of Ramsey and State of Minnesota,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Dental Apparatus,of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in dental apparatus, designed foruse in making crown attachments for removable bridges, and has for itsobject to provide apparatus whereby the various operations required canbe conveniently, expeditiously and accurately performed.

The apparatus is particularly adapted for use with the sectional crownattachments shown in my application for United States LettersPatentfiled June 29th, 1909, Serial Number 505,051.-

To this end the invention consists in the features of construction,combination and arrangement of parts hereinafter particularly describedand claimed.

In the accompanying drawings forming part of this specification, Figure1 is a perspective view of the apparatus shown supporting a model orcast of a patients jaw; Fig. 2 is a perspective view of a jaw model,showing the use of the paralleler; Fig. 3 is a perspective view of thetransfer instrument, shown in engagement with the lower sections of thecrowns; Fig. 4 is a perspective view of a complete upper section of acrown; Fig. 5 is a perspective view of the upper section before the tophas been placed thereon; Fig. 6 is a cross section on line w-m of Fig.1; Fig. 7 is a section on line Q 2 of Fig. 1; Fig. 8 is a section online .2-2 of Fig. 1; Fig. 9 is a sectional detail of the adjustmentelements for adjusting the position of the transfer instrument; Fig. 10is a perspective view of a bridge built upon crown attachmentsconstructed by the use of the apparatus; Fig. 11 is a perspective detailof one of the lug-bearing disks or plates; and Fig. 12 is a verticalsection through one of the upper crown sections shown in Fig. 5.

As shown in the drawings the apparatus "comprises a frame 2 arranged tostand upon the work table. Upon this are supported in cooperativerelation an articulator, a paralleler, and a transfer instrument.

The articulator comprises a lower jaw member A and a cooperating upperjaw member B. The lower jaw member A has sliding support in the tubularguides 3, and

can be held in adjusted position by means of the thumb nut 42. The upperjaw member has sliding support in the tubular guides 4 of the frame 43,and can be held in adjusted positions by means of the adjusting nut 44.The frame-43 has swinging support upon a cross bar 5, which itself hashorizontal sliding support upon the rearWardly extending plns 6. Thecross bar is held normally pressed forward by means of coil springs 7interposed between the bar and the outer ends of the pins. Thus theupper articulator jaw B can be adjusted back and forth in .the guides 4,and instead of swinging upon a rigid pivotal support, has elasticity ofmovement back and forth to correspond with the movement of the jaws of ahuman being. By the use of this mechanism the bite of the patient can bereproduced, when the east of the mouth is placed upon the articulatorjaws, as hereinafter described.

The paralleler comprises a horizontal shaft 21 which is slidingly andrevolubly supported in a tubular guide 22 at the top of the frame. It isheld in adjusted positions by means of an adjusting nut 23. This rodterminates in a head 45, in which is revolubly supported a horizontalshaft 46, which can be held in adjusted positions by means of a wing nut26. The shaft 46 carries a vertical tubular guide 24 in which thevertical arm 25 of the paralleler has sliding support. The tubular guide24 is in the form of a split ring or pinch collar, and the vertical arm25 is held in adjusted positions in it by tightening the wing nut 27upon the flanges of the split ring or pinch collar. Joined at rightangles with the vertical arm 25 is a horizontal swaying bar 28 uponwhich is slidingly supported a cross head 29. The bar 28 is formedlongitudinally with a slot 38 into which projects the end of a screw 34threaded through the cross head, whereby the cross head is held fromturning. This cross head carries a vertical tubular guide 80 in which isslidingly supported a chuck 32, which is held in adjusted positions bymeans of an adjusting screw 31. To secure a fine adjustment back andforth, the cross head is arranged to be moved backward and forward bymeans of a screw 35 rotatably supported by the arm and threaded throughthe cross head. The screw is operated by means of a finger piece 36. Bymeans of the various sliding and rotative connections and supports, theparalleler-c'huck can be adjusted at any desired angle, and moved to anydesired position with reference to the articulator jaws, and when allthe thumbnuts are set in binding position except the wing nut 27, thearm 28 can be swung across the articulator model so as to bring thechuck into various positions, all of which will be parallel to eachother.

The transfer instrument consists of an angle bracket 9 which hasvertically sliding support in the upward portion 10 of an angle bracket11, which is horizontally slidable upon the rearwardly extending plate12 of the main frame. The two sliding brackets are held in adjustedpositions by means of the adjusting screws 13 and 14, respectively.Pivotally and slidably mounted upon the forwardly extending horizontalmember of the angle bracket 9 are a plurality of slotted leaves 15,which can be bound together by means of a thumb nut 17 which .works upona vertical screw 16 passing through the leaves and the horizontal memberof the angle bracket 9. Each leaf carries at the end a screw 18corresponding in size with the interiorly threaded holes in the lugs 48of the crown attachments, as hereinafter explained.

In using this apparatus to prepare the crown attachments for the bridge,the roots in the patients mouth are first prepared and fitted with bands37. A plaster impression of the mouth is then taken and the bandsremoved from the tooth roots and placed on their respective positions inthe impression. From this impression is cast a model, which is thenfirmly secured upon the articulator jaws. In the drawings I have shownfor the purposes of illustration a model 38 of one of the patients jawssecured upon the lower jaw of the articulator. After the model has beencast, the bands are placed over the plaster projections 39, whichcorrespond with the prepared roots in the patients mouth. The upper jawof the articulator is then adjusted to the lower jaw so that the bite ofthe model jaws will correspond with the bite of the patient. When theadjustment has been made, the nuts 42 and 44 are tightened so as to holdthe jaw in adjusted position to retain the length of bite. Complete goldcrown attachments, comprising the separable parts shown in Figs. 11 and4, of the requisite length and size, are then placed upon the bands. Theparalleler is then moved around to all of the banded projections todetermine the angle at which the crown attachments must be set. IVhenthis has been determined, the paralleler is firmly set, by means ofvarious thumb screws hereinbefore de scribed, so as to permit of nomovement except that of the swaying bar 28 which carries theperpendicular chuck for securing adaptation. It will be understood thatthe crowns are intended to form the abutments for supporting a bridge49, such as that illustrated in Fig. 10, which carries the in--termediate suspended artificial teeth 50.

The bridge is built up upon the upper crown v sect-ions illustrated inFigs. 4 and 5, so as to be integral with them. These upper crownsections comprise an open topped shell 51 formed in its bottom with acentral upwardly extending socket 52 which is constructed to fit snuglyover the lug 48 of one of the lugged disks, which, for convenience, maybe called the lower crown sections. In order that the bridge may beremovable from the mouth, it is necessary that all of g the lugs shouldbe parallel, so that the upper crown sections with the bridge platebuilt upon them may be lifted off without binding. It is to secure suchparallelism of the lugs that the paralleler is used. WVhen the lowercrown sections have been finished and are in position upon theirrespective plaster roots, the transfer instrument is adjusted by meansof thesliding elements hereinbefore described so as to bring the screwof each leaf into alinement with the threaded hole in one of the lowercrown sections. The screws are then screwed down into the holes, and thethumb nut 17 is tightened so as to hold the leaves firmly in the samerelation to each other. The transfer instrument is then removed from theframe by unscrewing the thumb nut 13 and lifted from the model 38,carrying with it the crown sections at the ends of the leaves.

The transfer instrument is now inserted into the patients mouth and thecrown sections are fitted down over the respective roots. The screws ofthe transfer instrument are then unscrewed from the crown sections,leaving the crown sections in the mouth upon the roots to which theybelong. A new impression of the mouth is then taken, and, after thecrown sections have been removed from the teeth and placed in theirproper positions in the impression, a new model is cast. The cast isplaced upon the articulator and the lower crown sections fitted upon theroot projections of the model. of the upper crown sections is thencletermined, by manipulating the articulator,

The shape of the tops and the tops are soldered upon the open ends ofthe upper crown sections. The upper sections are then secured removablyto the lower sections by means of screws 54-. which go down through theupper crown section into the holes in the lugs, as illustrated in Fig.4:. The crowns are then ready for the construction of the bridge, whichis not involved in the present invention.

I claim as my invention:

1. In dental apparatus for making ercwn attachments, the combinationwith a frame, of an articulator supported thereon, and a transferinstrument slidably supported upon the frame over the articulator andprovided with adjustable leaves having means for engaging crownattachments.

2. In dental apparatus for making crown attachments, the combinationwith a frame, of an articulator supported thereon, a transfer instrumenthaving sliding support on the frame in position to be moved over thearticulator and into engagement with a model held thereon, and aparalleler also movably supported in the frame in position to be movedover the articulator, and adjustable at any desired angle.

3. In dental apparatus for making crown attachments, the combination,with an articulator, of a transfer instrument having sliding support atthe rear of the articulator in two perpendicular planes and providedwith a pin and a plurality of slotted leaves working upon the pin.

a. In dental apparatus of the class described, the combination, with aframe, of

an articulator carried thereby, a paralleler also carried by the frameand having sliding and rotative support thereon, said paralleler havinga horizontally swaying arm, a chuck holder longitudinally slidable uponsaid arm, and an adjusting screw carried by the arm and threaded throughthe chuck- ,holder for adjusting the same back and forth.

5. In dental apparatus for making crown attachments, the combination,with a frame, of an articular carried thereby, a paralleler also carriedby the frame and having sliding and rotative support thereon, andadjustable at any desired angle, and a transfer instrument supportedupon the frame between the paralleler and articulator and slidable intwo perpendicular planes.

(5. In dental apparatus for making crown attachments, the combination,with a: frame, of an articulator supported thereon, a trans ferinstrument also supported upon the frame, and having sliding support intwo perpendicular planes, a pin carried by the.

transfer instrument, a plurality of slotted leaves fitting over saidpin, and a thumb nut threaded upon said pin and adapted to bind saidleaves together in adjusted positions.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

JOHN C. GORCORAN.

Witnesses:

ARTHUR P. LOTHROP, H. SMITH.

